There has always been a long time debate on whether or not supplemental structure in fish lakes or ponds actually increases fish productivity of the water. In our opinion, it is totally dependent upon whether the lake or pond is devoid of structure and is also determined by the pond owner’s goals for the pond. At the very least, structure in a lake or pond concentrates fish, making them easy to fish for or in some cases actually protects them from fishing pressure as in the case of dense brush. Strategically placed structures can aid in spawning some species of sport or forage fishes as well as protect forage from being completely eaten up by predators. Some structures also allow large predators ambush points from which to attack prey.

Structure comes in all sizes, shapes and forms, some being much more effective than others. Brush piles made of tree limbs or old Christmas trees tied or weighted to the bottom make very effective structure. Old culverts, concrete rip-rap, bricks, old cars or machinery, bundles of tires, etc. can be used for structure. If using a lake for swimming as well as fishing, it is best to stay away from "junk" type structures and use those types not presenting any hazards to swimmers. There is an excellent selection of long lasting, snag free plastic fishing structures on the Texas Lakes and Ponds web site. (click on Equipment and Supplies) Structuring devices need to be placed in both shallow and deep water areas and should be marked or their position remembered so they can be fished. If a lake has fishing docks or piers, structure should be placed within casting distance to help attract fish to these areas. When combined with a feeding station, these places will be excellent spots to fish around.

When trying to facilitate for and assure the best protection for the juvenile and small forage fish (fathead minnows, bluegill, etc.), we suggest placing piles of dense structure in 2.5 – 5’ of water. By doing this, parts of the structures would extend almost to the surface of the water or actually in some cases, extend out of the water. We then suggest placing feeding rings or squares actually right on top of the structure. By feeding the small forage fish right on top of the structure, this allows the small forage fish to travel the shortest distance for food, and then to immediately seek a safe haven (thus escaping from the predator) by simply returning to the brush or structure pile.

Structuring an old lake or a newly dug one can help make the lake a more interesting and productive body of water, and actually improve the fishing. Structure needs to be added to or replaced annually in most lakes as the old brush, tires, etc. decompose or become silted over. This is an excellent tool to use in a properly managed lake or pond.